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	华人拿了绿卡，就等于翻身得解放，人就活过来了。不少人就回到国内做番事情。但是会遇到这样的难题：居留时间过长，就容易丧失永久居民身份。不少人问过我这个问题。今天忽然想起这个事，发现以前我给一些朋友，包括坛子里的，建议有不完整或者有问题。现在重新，做些补充与更正。 1、境外居留时间与丧失永久居民身份所谓perminant resident，这个“永久”在根本上指申请人的表达出来的意愿，即希望在美国永久居留，这一意愿获得了美国政府的确认与支持，就被授予绿卡。如果在美国境外居留时间过长，就明显地表示申请人已经没有这种意愿并自动放弃绿卡。所以在归化要求中，有一条是在美国本土居住。INA § 316, 8 U.S.C. § 1427. 境外短期居留显然是允许的。但是多久才算是“过久”？大致来说： 6个月或者更少，没有问题； 6个月-12个月，在海关很可能被没收绿卡，但是绿卡持有人有机会去移民局或者法庭解释自己没有意向放弃绿卡。一般来说，美国政府会接受申请人的解释。但是下次不可再犯类似问题； 12个月以上，没戏了。 2、例外对于在境内居住要求有一个例外，那就是如果被美国政府。。。公司等派遣到境外，那么境外居住时间可以计算成境内居住时间。但是这需要事先获得移民局批准。INA section 316(b),317 对于华人来说，最容易成立的理由是被美国公司所派遣。填表：N-470.明确：在境外居留半年以上，是完全或者实质性地为美国公司工作。表格下载地址：http://www.uscis.gov/files/form/N-470instr.pdf 3、被美国公司派遣这个“美国公司”必须是移民法所认可的美国公司，即所谓qualifying American firm or corporation.什么叫做qualifying?移民局以及宪法第三章法庭做了如下解释。有兴趣的对下面这段话仔细琢磨几遍： A U.S. firm or corporation engaged in whole or in part in the development of foreign trade and commerce of the United States, or a subsidiary in which a majority of the stock is owned by a U.S. firm or corporation. Matter of Warrach, 17 I. & N. Dec. 285 (Reg. Comm'r 1979) (noncitizen was employed by corporation incorporated in United States but 51% of stock was owned by foreign parent corporation; INS held that the individual was not employed by U.S. corporation, since a company has the nationality of its majority stockholders). The criterion is employment by the specified type of firm or corporation. Thus one who is self-employed or who is an independent contractor does not meet the statutory condition. In re Nathan, 114 F. Supp. 361 (S.D.N.Y. 1953) ; INS Interpretations 316.1(c)(4). No case has arisen involving employment by a wholly owned corporation. On the other hand, the statute is satisfied by employment, irrespective of the motive in accepting such employment, on commission or part-time, if the employee devotes a substantial portion of his or her time to such employment. Matter of P-, 5 I. & N. Dec. 332 (INS Central Office 1953) ; Matter of R-, 4 I. & N. Dec. 196 (INS Central Office 1950) ; INS Interpretations 316.1(c)(4). Employment by a foreign subsidiary owned by several U.S. companies, none of whom has more than a 50% share, is not deemed to satisfy the statute. INS Interpretations 316.1(c)(4). See also the definition of a U.S. firm or corporation for expedited naturalization purposes of INA § 319(b), 8 U.S.C. § 1430(b). 4、实务操作如果没有美国公司雇佣你和派遣你到中国，你怎么办？操作：搞一个qualifying American firm。。。。。很简单也不花几个钱，不是吗？但是要注意：1、不能。。。2、不能。。3、不能。。填表，交钱，批准。买机票。。。。。。。。你自由了。希望对各位有用。祝各位好运。